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|Variations={{VerseVariation | |||
|VariationLanguage=Sanskrit | |||
|VariationOriginal=भूर्यद्वत्स्यात् समन्तव्यपगतविषमस्थानान्तरमला<br>वैडूर्यस्पष्टशुभ्रा विमलमणिगुणा श्रीमत्समतला<br>शुद्धत्वात्तत्र बिम्बं सुरपतिभवनं माहेन्द्रमरुता-<br>मुत्पद्येत क्रमेण क्षितिगुणविगमादस्तं पुनरियात् | |||
|VariationOriginalSource=E. H. Johnston as input by the University of the West.<ref>[http://www.dsbcproject.org/canon-text/content/575/2689 Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon Unicode Input]</ref> | |||
|VariationTrans=bhūryadvatsyāt samantavyapagataviṣamasthānāntaramalā<br>vaiḍūryaspaṣṭaśubhrā vimalamaṇiguṇā śrīmatsamatalā<br>śuddhatvāttatra bimbaṃ surapatibhavanaṃ māhendramarutā-<br>mutpadyeta krameṇa kṣitiguṇavigamādastaṃ punariyāt | |||
|VariationTransSource=E. H. Johnston as input by the University of the West.<ref>[http://www.dsbcproject.org/canon-text/content/335/1384 Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon Unicode Input]</ref> | |||
}}{{VerseVariation | |||
|VariationLanguage=Tibetan | |||
|VariationOriginal=ཇི་ལྟར་ས་ཀུན་ཉམ་ངའི་གནས་གཞན་དང་བྲལ་དྲི་མེད་བཻ་ཌཱུརྱ། །<br>གསལ་མཛེས་ནོར་བུའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲི་བྲལ་དཔལ་ལྡན་སྟེང་ནི་མཉམ་གྱུར་ཏེ། །<br>དག་ཕྱིར་དེར་ནི་ལྷ་དག་སྣ་ཚོགས་ལྷ་དབང་ལྷ་ཡི་གཟུགས་ཤར་སྟེ། །<br>རིམ་གྱིས་ས་ཡི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲལ་ཕྱིར་དེ་ནི་སླར་ཡང་མི་སྣང་འགྱུར། ། | |||
|VariationOriginalSource=[https://adarsha.dharma-treasure.org/kdbs/degetengyur/pbs/2916191 Dege, PHI, 135] | |||
|VariationTrans=Suppose the earth became completely free from all uneven places, gaps, and dirt<br>And were a surface of clear and spotless beryl, with the stainless qualities of a jewel, splendid, and even.<br>Due to its purity, a reflection of the array of the abode of the lord of gods, Indra [himself], and the maruts would appear in it,<br>But since the earth would gradually lose those qualities, [that reflection] would disappear again. | |||
|VariationTransSource=[[When the Clouds Part]], [[Brunnhölzl, K.|Brunnhölzl]], 441 <ref>[[Brunnhölzl, Karl]]. [[When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra]]. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2014.</ref> | |||
}} | |||
|EnglishCommentary=(1) [This sūtra] says that [buddha activity] resembles the appearance of Śakra.<ref>D100, fols. 278b.6–280b.1.</ref> | |||
::'''Suppose the ground of the earth''' | |||
::'''Consisted of pure beryl''' | |||
::'''And, due to its clarity, one would see in it''' | |||
::'''The chief of gods with his host of apsaras''' IV.14 | |||
::'''As well as his palace Vaijayanta''', | |||
::'''Celestial dwellers other than him''', | |||
::'''Their various palaces''', | |||
::'''And their divine abundances'''. IV.15 | |||
::'''Upon that, the assemblies of men and women''' P128b) | |||
::'''Who dwell on the ground of the earth''' | |||
::'''Would take sight of this appearance''' | |||
::'''And make the following prayer:''' IV.16 | |||
::'''"May we too before long''' | |||
::'''Become like that lord of gods!"''' | |||
::'''Then, in order to attain that [state]''', (D123a) | |||
::'''They would immerse themselves in adopting virtue'''. IV.17 | |||
::'''Though being unaware that this''' | |||
::'''Was merely an appearance, they would pass away''' | |||
::'''From the earth and be born in heaven''' | |||
::'''By virtue of their pure karma'''. IV.18 | |||
::'''Though this appearance would be absolutely''' | |||
::'''Without thought and without activity''', | |||
::'''Its taking place on the earth in that way''' | |||
::'''Would nevertheless be of great benefit'''. IV.19 | |||
::'''Likewise, sentient beings see in their own mind''', | |||
::'''Once it is stainless through confidence and such''' | |||
::'''And has cultivated the qualities such as confidence''', | |||
::'''The appearance of the perfect Buddha''', IV.20 | |||
::'''Who is endowed with the major and minor marks''', | |||
::'''Performs the various forms of conduct''' | |||
::'''(Walking, standing''', | |||
::'''Sitting, and lying)''', IV.21 (J101) | |||
::'''Speaks the dharma of peace''', | |||
::'''Rests silently in meditative equipoise''', | |||
::'''Demonstrates all kinds of miraculous displays''', | |||
::'''And possesses great splendor'''. IV.22 | |||
::'''Having seen it, those who long for it''' | |||
::'''Devote their efforts to this buddhahood''' | |||
::'''And, through adopting its causes,''' | |||
::'''Attain the state they wish for.''' IV.23 | |||
::'''Though this appearance is absolutely''' | |||
::'''Without thought and without activity, | |||
::'''Its taking place in the worlds''' | |||
::'''Is nevertheless of great benefit'''. IV.24 | |||
::'''Ordinary beings do not understand''' | |||
::'''That this is an appearance in their own minds'''. | |||
::'''Nevertheless, to see this image''' | |||
::'''Becomes fruitful for them.''' IV.25 | |||
::'''Gradually, based on seeing that [appearance]''', | |||
::'''Those who dwell in this method'''<ref>DP "yāna."</ref> | |||
::'''See the inner kāya of the genuine dharma'''<ref>I follow MB ''saddharmakāyam adhyātmaṃ'' (corresponding to DP ''nang gi dam pa’i chos sku'') against J ''saddharmakāyaṃ madhyasthaṃ''.</ref> | |||
::'''Through their eye of wisdom.''' IV.26 | |||
::'''Suppose the earth became completely free from all uneven places, gaps, and dirt'''<ref>With Schmithausen and against Takasaki, I take the compound °''viṣamasthānāntaramala'' as consisting of ''viṣamasthāna, antara'', and ''mall''.</ref> | |||
::'''And were a surface of clear and spotless<ref>VT (fol. 16r4) glosses ''śubhra'' as "clear, transparent" (''svacchā''). ''Śubhra'' can also mean "radiant," "splendid," "spotless," and "bright"; DP have ''mazes pa''. </ref> beryl, with the stainless qualities of a jewel, splendid, and even.''' | |||
::'''Due to its purity, a reflection of the array of the abode of the lord of gods, Indra [himself], and the maruts<ref>I follow Schmithausen’s suggested reading of MB ''surapatibhavanavyūhendramarutām'' against J ''surapatibhavanaṃ māhendramarutām'', with °''vyūha'' being supported by D ''tshogs'' (P mistakenly has ''sna tshogs'' instead of ''gas tshogs''). The maruts are the storm gods who are the retinue of Indra.</ref> would appear in it''', | |||
::'''But since the earth would gradually lose those qualities, (P129a) [that reflection] would disappear again'''. IV.27 | |||
::'''In order [to attain] this state, the assemblies of men and women who are devoted to generosity and such''', | |||
::'''Through observing the rules of fasting and spiritual discipline and with a determined mind, would strew flowers and so on'''. | |||
::'''Likewise, for the sake of attaining the reflection of the lord of sages in their minds, which resemble a transparent beryl''', | |||
::'''The children of the victors give rise to the mind-sets [of awakening]<ref>I follow de Jong’s suggested reading ''cittāny udpādayanti'' (supported by D ''seems rab bskyed byed''; P mistakenly has ''gshegs'' instead of ''seems'') against J ''cittān vyutpādayanti'' and Chowdury’s "correction" ''citrāṇy utpādayanati'' (see de Jong 1968, 50). Obviously, this refers to all the kinds of mind-sets that represent or flow from bodhicitta.</ref> with a joyful mind'''. IV.28 | |||
::'''Just as on the pure ground of beryl''' (D123b) | |||
::'''The reflection of the body of the lord of gods appears''', | |||
::'''On the pure ground of the minds of beings''', | |||
::'''The reflection of the body of the lord of sages is displayed'''. IV.29 (J102) | |||
::'''The appearance and disappearance of this reflection manifests in the world''' | |||
::'''Through the power of one’s own mind manifesting in a clear or turbid way'''. | |||
::'''Just as the appearance of a reflection in the worlds::''', | |||
::'''It should not be regarded as either real or unreal'''. IV.30 | |||
|OtherTranslations=<h6>Obermiller (1931) <ref>Obermiller, E. "The Sublime Science of the Great Vehicle to Salvation Being a Manual of Buddhist Monism." Acta Orientalia IX (1931), pp. 81-306.</ref></h6> | |||
:Suppose the whole of the earth would become | |||
:Free from all unevenness and stain, | |||
:And grow smooth, shining and pure | |||
:Like a clear and beautiful Vaiḍūrya stone. | |||
:And, owing to its purity, the numerous abodes of the gods | |||
:And the form of Indra would appear on it; | |||
:But, as this surface would gradually lose its smoothness, | |||
:The vision (thereon) would subsequently disappear. | |||
<h6>Takasaki (1966) <ref>Takasaki, Jikido. [[A Study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra): Being a Treatise on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory of Mahāyāna Buddhism]]. Serie Orientale Roma 33. Roma: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO), 1966.</ref></h6> | |||
:Suppose, the earth, having become completely free from unevenness | |||
:And having become pure from within, would be as clear and white | |||
:As the Vaiḍūrya stone, [because of its] being possessed of | |||
:The immaculate qualities of jewel and of pure even surface; | |||
:And, owing to its purity, there would appear on its [surface] | |||
:The palace of Indra occupied by gods around him as a vision, | |||
:But, as this earth would gradually lose its qualities, | |||
:The vision [thereof] would subsequently disappear. | |||
<h6>Fuchs (2000) <ref>Fuchs, Rosemarie, trans. Buddha Nature: The Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra. Commentary by Jamgon Kongtrul and explanations by Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso. Ithaca, N. Y.: Snow Lion Publications, 2000.</ref></h6> | |||
:If the whole earth became rid of fearful places | |||
:and turned into an even surface of lapis lazuli | |||
:that was flawless, radiant, and beautiful, | |||
:having a gem's qualities and unstained luster, | |||
:various divine abodes and the form of their Lord | |||
:would shine forth within it because of its purity. | |||
:Then, as the earth gradually lost these properties, | |||
:they would be invisible again and appear no more. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:00, 16 September 2020
Ratnagotravibhāga Root Verse IV.27
Verse IV.27 Variations
भूर्यद्वत्स्यात् समन्तव्यपगतविषमस्थानान्तरमला
वैडूर्यस्पष्टशुभ्रा विमलमणिगुणा श्रीमत्समतला
शुद्धत्वात्तत्र बिम्बं सुरपतिभवनं माहेन्द्रमरुता-
मुत्पद्येत क्रमेण क्षितिगुणविगमादस्तं पुनरियात्
वैडूर्यस्पष्टशुभ्रा विमलमणिगुणा श्रीमत्समतला
शुद्धत्वात्तत्र बिम्बं सुरपतिभवनं माहेन्द्रमरुता-
मुत्पद्येत क्रमेण क्षितिगुणविगमादस्तं पुनरियात्
E. H. Johnston as input by the University of the West.[1]
bhūryadvatsyāt samantavyapagataviṣamasthānāntaramalā
vaiḍūryaspaṣṭaśubhrā vimalamaṇiguṇā śrīmatsamatalā
śuddhatvāttatra bimbaṃ surapatibhavanaṃ māhendramarutā-
mutpadyeta krameṇa kṣitiguṇavigamādastaṃ punariyāt
vaiḍūryaspaṣṭaśubhrā vimalamaṇiguṇā śrīmatsamatalā
śuddhatvāttatra bimbaṃ surapatibhavanaṃ māhendramarutā-
mutpadyeta krameṇa kṣitiguṇavigamādastaṃ punariyāt
E. H. Johnston as input by the University of the West.[2]
ཇི་ལྟར་ས་ཀུན་ཉམ་ངའི་གནས་གཞན་དང་བྲལ་དྲི་མེད་བཻ་ཌཱུརྱ། །
གསལ་མཛེས་ནོར་བུའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲི་བྲལ་དཔལ་ལྡན་སྟེང་ནི་མཉམ་གྱུར་ཏེ། །
དག་ཕྱིར་དེར་ནི་ལྷ་དག་སྣ་ཚོགས་ལྷ་དབང་ལྷ་ཡི་གཟུགས་ཤར་སྟེ། །
རིམ་གྱིས་ས་ཡི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲལ་ཕྱིར་དེ་ནི་སླར་ཡང་མི་སྣང་འགྱུར། །
གསལ་མཛེས་ནོར་བུའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲི་བྲལ་དཔལ་ལྡན་སྟེང་ནི་མཉམ་གྱུར་ཏེ། །
དག་ཕྱིར་དེར་ནི་ལྷ་དག་སྣ་ཚོགས་ལྷ་དབང་ལྷ་ཡི་གཟུགས་ཤར་སྟེ། །
རིམ་གྱིས་ས་ཡི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲལ་ཕྱིར་དེ་ནི་སླར་ཡང་མི་སྣང་འགྱུར། །
Suppose the earth became completely free from all uneven places, gaps, and dirt
And were a surface of clear and spotless beryl, with the stainless qualities of a jewel, splendid, and even.
Due to its purity, a reflection of the array of the abode of the lord of gods, Indra [himself], and the maruts would appear in it,
But since the earth would gradually lose those qualities, [that reflection] would disappear again.
And were a surface of clear and spotless beryl, with the stainless qualities of a jewel, splendid, and even.
Due to its purity, a reflection of the array of the abode of the lord of gods, Indra [himself], and the maruts would appear in it,
But since the earth would gradually lose those qualities, [that reflection] would disappear again.
- Si la terre, débarrassée de tous ses lieux inquiétants,
- Prenait la belle clarté d’un pur lapis, si elle devenait lisse
- et présentait les perfections d’un joyau,
- Elle serait si pure que les divers séjours divins
- et la forme des dieux et de leur seigneur pourraient s’y refléter.
- Mais peu à peu le sol perdrait ces qualités,
- et les reflets dont il se parait disparaîtraient.
Charrier, Christian and Patrick Carré. Traité de la Continuité suprême du Grand Véhicule. Plazac: Éditions Padmakara, 2019.
RGVV Commentary on Verse IV.27
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Full Chinese Commentary
།བརྒྱ་བྱིན་དུ་སྣང་བ་བཞིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི། ཇི་{br}ལྟར་བཻ་ཌཱུར་དག་པ་ཡི། །རང་བཞིན་ས་སྟེངས་འདིར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། །དག་ཕྱིར་ལྷ་ཡི་དབང་པོ་དེར། །ལྷ་ཡི་བུ་མོའི་ཚོགས་དང་བཅས། །རྣམ་པར་རྒྱལ་བའི་ཁང་བཟངས་དང་། །ལྷ་གནས་དེ་ལས་གཞན་དག་དང་། །དེ་ཡི་གཞལ་ཡས་སྣ་ཚོགས་དང་། །ལྷ་རྫས་རྣམ་མང་དེ་{br}མཐོང་ངོ། །དེ་ནས་སྐྱེས་པ་བུད་མེད་ཚོགས། །ས་ཡི་སྟེང་ན་གནས་པ་རྣམས། །སྣང་བ་དེ་ནི་མཐོང་གྱུར་ཏེ། །ངེད་ཀྱང་རིང་པོར་མི་ཐོགས་པར། །ལྷ་དབང་འདི་འདྲར་གྱུར་ཅིག་ཅེས། །འདི་འདྲའི་སྨོན་ལམ་འདེབས་བྱེད་ཅིང་། །དེ་ཐོབ་དོན་དུ་དགེ་བ་ནི། །ཡང་
དག་བླངས་ཏེ་གནས་པར་འགྱུར། །དེ་དག་དགེ་བའི་ལས་དེས་ན། །འདི་སྣང་ཙམ་ཞེས་དེ་ལྟ་བུར། །ཤེས་པ་མེད་ཀྱང་ས་སྟེང་ན། །འཕོས་ཏེ་ལྷར་ནི་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར། །སྣང་བ་དེ་ནི་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡང་། །རྟོགས་པ་མེད་ཅིང་གཡོ་བ་མེད། །དེ་ལྟ་མོད་ཀྱི་ས་སྟེངས་ན། །{br}དོན་ཆེན་གྱིས་ནི་ཉེ་བར་གནས། །དེ་བཞིན་དད་སོགས་དྲི་མེད་ཅན། །དད་སོགས་ཡོན་ཏན་སྒོམ་པ་ཡི། །རང་སེམས་ལ་སྣང་རྫོགས་སངས་རྒྱས། །མཚན་དང་དཔེ་བྱད་དང་ལྡན་པ། །འཆག་པ་དང་ནི་བཞེངས་པ་དང་། །བཞུགས་པ་དང་ནི་གཟིམས་པ་དང་། །སྤྱོད་ལམ་སྣ་{br}ཚོགས་མཛེས་པ་ཅན། །ཞི་བའི་ཆོས་ནི་གསུང་བ་དང་། །མི་གསུང་མཉམ་པར་གཞག་གྱུར་པ། །ཆོ་འཕྲུལ་རྣམ་པ་སྣ་ཚོགས་དག །མཛད་པ་གཟི་མདངས་ཆེན་པོ་ཅན། །སེམས་ཅན་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་མཐོང་བར་འགྱུར། །དེ་མཐོང་ནས་ཀྱང་འདོད་ལྡན་པ། །སངས་རྒྱས་ཉིད་ཕྱིར་རབ་{br}སྦྱོར་ཏེ། །དེ་རྒྱུ་ཡང་དག་བླངས་ནས་ནི། །འདོད་པའི་གོ་འཕང་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད། །སྣང་བ་དེ་ནི་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡང་། །རྟོག་མེད་གཡོ་བ་མེད་པ་ཉིད། །དེ་ལྟ་ན་ཡང་འཇིག་རྟེན་ན། །དོན་ཆེན་པོས་ནི་ཉེ་བར་གནས། །འདི་ནི་རང་སེམས་སྣང་བ་ཞེས། །སོ་སོའི་སྐྱེ་བོས་མི་ཤེས་མོད། །དེ་ལྟ་ན་{br}ཡང་གཟུགས་མཐོང་སྟེ། །དེ་དག་ལ་ནི་དོན་ཡོད་འགྱུར། །རིམ་གྱིས་དེ་མཐོང་ལ་བརྟེན་ནས། །ཐེག་པ་འདི་ལ་གནས་པ་རྣམས། །ནང་གི་དམ་པའི་ཆོས་སྐུ་ནི། །ཡེ་ཤེས་མིག་གིས་མཐོང་བར་འགྱུར། །ཇི་ལྟར་ས་ཀུན་དམན་པའི་གནས་གཞན་དང་བྲལ་དྲི་མེད་བཻ་ཌཱུརྱ། །གསལ་མཛེས་{br}ནོར་བུའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དྲི་བྲལ་དཔལ་ལྡན་སྟེང་ནི་མཉམ་གྱུར་ཏེ། །དག་ཕྱིར་དེར་ནི་ལྷ་དག་གནས་ཚོགས་ལྷ་དབང་ལྷ་ཡི་གཟུགས་ཤར་ཏེ། །རིམ་གྱིས་ས་ཡི་ཡོན་ཏན་བྲལ་ཕྱིར་དེ་ནི་སླར་ཡང་མི་སྣང་འགྱུར། །དེ་དངོས་ཐོབ་ཕྱིར་བསྙེན་གནས་བརྟུལ་ཞུགས་ངེས་པར་སྦྱིན་སོགས་ལ་ཕྱོགས་པ། །{br}བུད་མེད་སྐྱེས་ཚོགས་སྨོན་པའི་སེམས་ཀྱིས་མེ་ཏོག་ལ་སོགས་འཐོར་བ་ལྟར། །དག་པའི་བཻ་ཌཱུརྱ་འདྲ་སེམས་ལ་སྣང་བའི་ཐུབ་དབང་ཐོབ་བྱའི་ཕྱིར། །རབ་དགའི་སེམས་ལྡན་རྒྱལ་བའི་སྲས་རྣམས་དེ་བཞིན་སེམས་རབ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད། །ཇི་ལྟར་བཻ་ཌཱུར་ས་གཞི་གཙང་མ་ལ། །ལྷ་
དབང་ལུས་ཀྱི་གཟུགས་བརྙན་སྣང་བ་ལྟར། །དེ་བཞིན་འགྲོ་སེམས་ས་གཞི་གཙང་མ་ལ། །ཐུབ་པའི་དབང་པོའི་སྐུ་ཡི་གཟུགས་བརྙན་འཆར། །འགྲོ་བར་གཟུགས་བརྙན་འཆར་ནུབ་རྙོག་མེད་དང་། །རྙོག་པའི་རང་སེམས་རབ་འཇུག་དབང་གིས་འཇུག །ཇི་ལྟར་འཇིག་རྟེན་དག་ན་{br}གཟུགས་སྣང་ལྟར། །དེ་བཞིན་ཡོད་དང་ཞིག་ཅེས་དེ་མི་ལྟ།
Other English translations
Obermiller (1931) [11]
- Suppose the whole of the earth would become
- Free from all unevenness and stain,
- And grow smooth, shining and pure
- Like a clear and beautiful Vaiḍūrya stone.
- And, owing to its purity, the numerous abodes of the gods
- And the form of Indra would appear on it;
- But, as this surface would gradually lose its smoothness,
- The vision (thereon) would subsequently disappear.
Takasaki (1966) [12]
- Suppose, the earth, having become completely free from unevenness
- And having become pure from within, would be as clear and white
- As the Vaiḍūrya stone, [because of its] being possessed of
- The immaculate qualities of jewel and of pure even surface;
- And, owing to its purity, there would appear on its [surface]
- The palace of Indra occupied by gods around him as a vision,
- But, as this earth would gradually lose its qualities,
- The vision [thereof] would subsequently disappear.
Fuchs (2000) [13]
- If the whole earth became rid of fearful places
- and turned into an even surface of lapis lazuli
- that was flawless, radiant, and beautiful,
- having a gem's qualities and unstained luster,
- various divine abodes and the form of their Lord
- would shine forth within it because of its purity.
- Then, as the earth gradually lost these properties,
- they would be invisible again and appear no more.
Textual sources
Commentaries on this verse
Academic notes
- Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon Unicode Input
- Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon Unicode Input
- Brunnhölzl, Karl. When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2014.
- D100, fols. 278b.6–280b.1.
- DP "yāna."
- I follow MB saddharmakāyam adhyātmaṃ (corresponding to DP nang gi dam pa’i chos sku) against J saddharmakāyaṃ madhyasthaṃ.
- With Schmithausen and against Takasaki, I take the compound °viṣamasthānāntaramala as consisting of viṣamasthāna, antara, and mall.
- VT (fol. 16r4) glosses śubhra as "clear, transparent" (svacchā). Śubhra can also mean "radiant," "splendid," "spotless," and "bright"; DP have mazes pa.
- I follow Schmithausen’s suggested reading of MB surapatibhavanavyūhendramarutām against J surapatibhavanaṃ māhendramarutām, with °vyūha being supported by D tshogs (P mistakenly has sna tshogs instead of gas tshogs). The maruts are the storm gods who are the retinue of Indra.
- I follow de Jong’s suggested reading cittāny udpādayanti (supported by D seems rab bskyed byed; P mistakenly has gshegs instead of seems) against J cittān vyutpādayanti and Chowdury’s "correction" citrāṇy utpādayanati (see de Jong 1968, 50). Obviously, this refers to all the kinds of mind-sets that represent or flow from bodhicitta.
- Obermiller, E. "The Sublime Science of the Great Vehicle to Salvation Being a Manual of Buddhist Monism." Acta Orientalia IX (1931), pp. 81-306.
- Takasaki, Jikido. A Study on the Ratnagotravibhāga (Uttaratantra): Being a Treatise on the Tathāgatagarbha Theory of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Serie Orientale Roma 33. Roma: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO), 1966.
- Fuchs, Rosemarie, trans. Buddha Nature: The Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra. Commentary by Jamgon Kongtrul and explanations by Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso. Ithaca, N. Y.: Snow Lion Publications, 2000.
