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*<span> ABSTRACT</span><span>iii</span>
*<span> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</span><span>viii</span>
*<span> INTRODUCTION</span><span>1</span>
**<span> General Introduction</span><span>1</span>
***<span> Past Scholarship and Dissertation Focus</span><span>4</span>
***<span> Research Strategy and Methodology</span><span>8</span>
***<span> Introduction to the ''Sdom Gsum Kha Skong''</span><span>10</span>
****<span> The Topical Outline of the First Chapter of the ''Sdom Gsum Kha<br>Skong''</span><span>13</span>
*<span> CHAPTER I - BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SA SKYA SCHOOL</span><span>20</span>
**<span> 'Khon Family Lineage</span><span>20</span>
***<span> Sa chen Kun-dga’ snying-po</span><span>22</span>
***<span> Slob-dpon Rin-po-che Bsod nams rtse mo</span><span>24</span>
***<span> Rje btsun Rin po che Grags pa rgyal mtshan</span><span>25</span>
***<span> Sa skya Pandita Kun dga' rgyal mtshan</span><span>26</span>
***<span> 'Gro mgon Chos rgyal 'Phags pa</span><span>30</span>
***<span> Ngor E wam Chos Idan and Ngor chen Kun dga' bzang po</span><span>33</span>
***<span> Nalendra and Rong ston Shes bya kun rig</span><span>34</span>
***<span> The Tshar pa and Tshar chen Blo gsal rgya mtsho</span><span>35</span>
**<span> Other Important Monasteries</span><span>37</span>
**<span> Sa Skya College in India</span><span>39</span>
*<span> CHAPTER II - BIOGRAPHY OF GO RAMS PA</span><span>42</span>
**<span> Accounts of Go rams pa's Life</span><span>42</span>
***<span> Go rams pa's Birth</span><span>43</span>
***<span> Entering into the Religious Life and Early Studies</span><span>44</span>
***<span> Youthful Travels and Studies in Central Tibet</span><span>45</span>
***<span> Higher Studies with Many Great Masters</span><span>46</span>
***<span> Receiving Ordination of a Full Monk (Bhiksu)</span><span>50</span>
***<span> Persuaded from Returning Home</span><span>50</span>
***<span> Propagating the Teachings of Buddha</span><span>52</span>
***<span> Establishment of a Monastic College</span><span>57</span>
***<span> His Death and Relics</span><span>59</span>
***<span> His Disciples</span><span>64</span>
*<span> CHAPTER III - GO RAMS PA'S OBJECTS OF REFUTATION</span><span>66</span>
*<span> PART I</span><span>66</span>
***<span> Identification of the Objects of Refutations</span><span>69</span>
***<span> Rgyal tshab and His Followers</span><span>69</span>
***<span> Claimed Followers of Rong ston</span><span>73</span>
***<span> Bus ton, Shākya Mchog Idan and Their Followers</span><span>74</span>
***<span> Mang thos's Interpretation of Go rams pa's Thought</span><span>80</span>
***<span> Go rams pa's own Interpretation</span><span>82</span>
***<span> Hypothetical Questions</span><span>83</span>
***<span> Mang thos's Understanding of Go rams pa's Intention</span><span>84</span>
***<span> The Two Purities are Mutually Exclusive</span><span>85</span>
*<span> CHAPTER IV - GO RAMS PA'S REFUTATION OF JO NANG PA ON<br>BUDDHA-NATURE</span><span>89</span>
*<span> PART II</span><span>89</span>
**<span> Refutation of Truly Existing Buddha-nature</span><span>89</span>
**<span> History of the Jo nang pa Tradition</span><span>90</span>
**<span> A Summary of Jo nang pa's Gzhan stong Theory</span><span>93</span>
**<span> Positioning Jo nang pa School</span><span>95</span>
**<span> Distinction between Rang stong and Gzhan stong</span><span>102</span>
**<span> Meaning of the Non-differentiation of the Basis and the Result</span><span>103</span>
**<span> Claiming their Assertion to be in accord with Sūtras and Śāstras</span><span>103</span>
**<span> Classification of Real and Imputation</span><span>110</span>
***<span> Demonstrating the Classification of Real and Imputation with<br>Examples</span><span>110</span>
***<span> Claiming All Three Tantras to be Valid</span><span>111</span>
**<span> Refutation of ways in which they accept the result</span><span>116</span>
**<span> Refutation of the Ontology: Contradiction with Definitive Treatises</span><span>118</span>
**<span> Contradiction with the logical reasons which refutes Realists</span><span>118</span>
**<span> Contradiction with the Sequence of the Turning the Wheel of Dharma</span><span>120</span>
**<span> Contradiction to the Intent of Sūtra, Tantra and Śāstra</span><span>122</span>
**<span> Illustrating the Reasons of Investigation without Bias</span><span>123</span>
**<span> Essence of the Important Points in Brief</span><span>124</span>
*<span> CONCLUSION</span><span>125</span>
**<span> Ascertainment with evidence</span><span>128</span>
*<span> APPENDICES</span><span>130</span>
**<span> Appendix A: The text of ''sdom gsum kha skong'''s first chapter on basis (''gzhi'')<br>and its translation</span><span>130</span>
**<span> Note on the Versification</span><span>130</span>
**<span> The Text and Translation</span><span>130</span>
**<span> Appendix B: Go rams pa's writings</span><span>181</span>
**<span> Volume I</span><span>182</span>
**<span> Volume II</span><span>187</span>
**<span> Volume III</span><span>188</span>
**<span> Volume IV</span><span>189</span>
**<span> Volume V</span><span>194</span>
**<span> List of his works arranged by subjects</span><span>198</span>
***<span> On the Hevajra Tantra:</span><span>198</span>
***<span> On the Cakrasamvara Tantra:</span><span>200</span>
***<span> On the Guhyasamāja Tantra:</span><span>200</span>
***<span> On the Vajrabhairava Teaching:</span><span>201</span>
***<span> On the Yoga Tantra:</span><span>201</span>
***<span> On the Prajñāpāramitā:</span><span>201</span>
***<span> On the Ratnagotravibhāga of Maitreya:</span><span>201</span>
***<span> On the Logic and Epistemology (''Pramāṇa''):</span><span>202</span>
***<span> On the Madhyamaka Philosophy:</span><span>202</span>
***<span> On the Three Sets of Vows:</span><span>202</span>
***<span> On the Yoga Tantra:</span><span>203</span>
**<span> Various Praises, Prayers and Answers to some Questions</span><span>203</span>
*<span> BIBLIOGRAPHY</span><span>208</span>
**<span> Primary Sources and Translations; Sūtras and Tantras</span><span>208</span>
**<span> Commentaries and Philosophical Treatises</span><span>209</span>
**<span> Primary Sources of Works by Tibetans</span><span>212</span>
**<span> Secondary Sources</span><span>215</span>
* <span> List of Illustrations</span><span>viii</span>
* <span> Introduction by Chagdud Tulku</span><span>ix</span>
* <span> Translator’s Note</span><span>xxi</span>
* <span> Buddhahood Without Meditation: Tibetan text and translation</span><span>1</span>
* <span> Afterword by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche</span><span>179</span>
* <span> Structural Analysis and Outline by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche</span><span>183</span>
* <span> Glossary</span><span>223</span>
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* <span> Foreword by Yangsi Kalu Rinpoché</span><span>xi</span>
* <span> Translator's Introduction</span><span>1</span>
**<span> An Overview of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''</span><span>4</span>
**<span> Jamgön Kongtrul and the Purpose of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''</span><span>9</span>
**<span> Kalu Rinpoché and the Purpose of the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''</span><span>18</span>
**<span> Paying for the Translation of ''The Treasury of Knowledge''</span><span>26</span>
**<span> ''The Treasury'' in Translation</span><span>33</span>
**<span> Translating and Reading ''Buddhism's Journey to Tibet''</span><span>35</span>
**<span> Acknowledgments</span><span>38</span>
*<span> Book Two: The Light of the World</span><span>41</span>
**<span> 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening</span><span>43</span>
**<span> 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment</span><span>61</span>
**<span> 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds</span><span>75</span>
**<span> 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms</span><span>93</span>
*<span> Book Three: What the Buddha Taught</span><span>113</span>
**<span> 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?</span><span>115</span>
**<span> 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission</span><span>145</span>
**<span> 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word</span><span>167</span>
**<span> 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition</span><span>183</span>
*<span> Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World</span><span>197</span>
**<span> 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings</span><span>199</span>
**<span> 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions Came to<br>Tibet</span><span>235</span>
**<span> 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight Major Chariots</span><span>321</span>
**<span> 4: A History of Buddhist Culture</span><span>377</span>
*<span> Appendix 1: The Root Text of Books Two, Three, and Four</span><span>437</span>
*<span> Appendix 2: The Outline of Books Two, Three, and Four</span><span>479</span>
*<span> Translator's Postscript: Reflections on Each Chapter</span><span>491</span>
**<span> ''Myriad Worlds'' Revisited</span><span>491</span>
**<span> Book Two: The Light of the World</span><span>495</span>
***<span> 1: Our Teacher's Path to Awakening</span><span>495</span>
***<span> 2: The Buddha's Enlightenment</span><span>500</span>
***<span> 3: The Buddha's Twelve Deeds</span><span>509</span>
***<span> 4: Enlightenment's Bodies and Pure Realms</span><span>513</span>
**<span> Book Three: What the Buddha Taught</span><span>519</span>
***<span> 1: What Are the Sacred Teachings?</span><span>519</span>
***<span> 2: Cycles of Scriptural Transmission</span><span>528</span>
***<span> 3: Compilations of the Buddha's Word</span><span>536</span>
***<span> 4: The Origins of the Early Translations' Ancient Tradition</span><span>538</span>
**<span> Book Four: Buddhism Resplendent in the World</span><span>546</span>
***<span> 1: Buddhism in the Land of Exalted Beings</span><span>546</span>
***<span> 2: How Buddhist Monastic Discipline and Scriptural Transmissions<br>Came to Tibet</span><span>551</span>
***<span> 3: The History of Lineages of Meditation Practice in Tibet, the Eight<br>Major Chariots</span><span>577</span>
***<span> 4: A History of Buddhist Culture</span><span>597</span>
*<span> Bibliography</span><span>605</span>
*<span> List of Names</span><span>609</span>
*<span> List of Names of Nonhuman Beings</span><span>633</span>
*<span> List of Place Names</span><span>639</span>
*<span> List of Texts Cited</span><span>645</span>
*<span> Subject Index</span><span>663</span>
* <span> Foreword</span><span> vii</span>
* <span> Preface</span><span> ix</span>
* <span> Introduction</span><span> 3</span>
** <span> Textual History</span><span> 3</span>
** <span> Doctrine</span><span> 14</span>
* <span> Edition and Translation</span><span> 55</span>
* <span> Appendices</span><span> 135</span>
** <span> 1: Is the Mind Originally Pure or is it Luminous?</span><span> 135</span>
** <span> 2: On amuktajña</span><span> 141</span>
** <span> 3: *Sāramati</span><span> 149</span>
** <span> 4: Reading Text and Translation</span><span> 159</span>
** <span> 5: A Hypothetical Reconstruction of an Indic Form of the AAN</span><span> 181</span>
** <span> 6: Citations of the AAN</span><span> 191</span>
* <span> Literature</span><span> 219</span>
* <span> Indices</span><span> 241</span>
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*<span> Preface</span><span>''vii''</span>
*<span> Introduction</span><span>''1''</span>
<center>PART ONE: FAITH</center>
*<span> 1. The Primacy of Faith in Buddhism</span><span>11</span>
*<span> 2. Patriarchal Faith and Doctrinal Faith</span><span>19</span>
*<span> 3. Buddha-nature and Patriarchal Faith</span><span>25</span>
*<span> 4. Essence-Function versus Subject-Object Constructions</span><span>35</span>
*<span> 5. Nonbacksliding Faith and Backsliding Faith</span><span>43</span>
*<span> 6. The Two Truths and Skill-in-Means</span><span>49</span>
<center>PART TWO: PRACTICE</center>
*<span> 7. The Unity of Faith and Enlightenment in Practice</span><span>55</span>
*<span> 8. Bodhidharma's Wall Meditation</span><span>59</span>
*<span> 9. Questioning Meditation and the Dynamics of Faith</span><span>66</span>
*<span> 10.Practice in the Treatise on Awakening Mahayana Faith</span><span>78</span>
*<span> 11. Faith and Practice in Pure Land Buddhism</span><span>90</span>
*<span> 12. Faith as the Practice of Compassion</span><span>96</span>
<center>PART THREE: ENLIGHTENMENT</center>
*<span> 13. Sudden Enlightenment and Gradual Practice</span><span>105</span>
*<span> 14. Faith and Enlightenment in the Hua-yen Sutra</span><span>110</span>
*<span> 15. Kkaech'im: The Experience of Brokenness</span><span>123</span>
*<span> 16. Revolution of the Basis</span><span>126</span>
*<span> 17. The Three Gates</span><span>133</span>
*<span> Conclusion</span><span>137</span>
*<span> Abbreviations</span><span>145</span>
*<span> Notes</span><span>147</span>
*<span> Glossary of Chinese Characters</span><span>159</span>
*<span> Bibliography</span><span>169</span>
*<span> Index</span><span>205</span>
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*'''Preface'''
*'''Table of Contents'''
*'''Introduction'''
*'''Buddhist Philosophy and Meditation Practice'''
*<span> 1. ''Jason Siff'': Language and Meditation</span><span>3</span>
*<span> 2. ''Jongmyung Kim'': Thought and Praxis in Contemporary Korean Buddhism:<br> A Critical Examination</span><span>14</span>
*<span> 3. ''Ven. Jinwol Lee'': Ganhwaseon (看話禪) in Korea:<br> From a Seon Practitioner’s Perspective</span><span>28</span>
*<span> 4. ''Prof. Robert E. Buswell, Jr'': The Transformation of Doubt (Ǔijǒng 疑情)<br> in Kanhwa Sǒn 看話禪: The Testimony of Gaofeng<br> Yuanmiao 高峰原妙 (1238-1295)</span><span>34</span>
*<span> 5. ''Tadeusz Skorupski'': Consciousness and Luminosity in Indian and <br> Tibetan Buddhism]</span><span>43</span>
*<span> 6. ''James Blumenthal'': Śamatha and its Relation to the Mundane and<br> Supra-mundane Paths According to Geluk Traditions of Tibetan Buddhism</span><span>65</span>
*<span> 7. ''Kyaw, Pyi Phyo'': The Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations) and Buddhist<br> Meditation Application of the Teachings in the Paṭṭhāna in Insight<br> (Vipassanā) Meditation Practice</span><span>72</span>
*<span> 8. ''Lei Xiaoli (Ph.D Candidate)'': A Study on the Development of<br> Meditation in Theravada Buddhism and Chinese Buddhism</span><span>88</span>
*<span> 9. ''Kanae Kawamoto'': Pragmatic Benefits and Concentration through<br> Ānāpānasati Meditation</span><span>98</span>
*<span> 10. ''Dr. H. M. Mahinda Herath'': Theravada Philosophical Exposition of the<br> Supramundane (Lokuttara) State</span><span>104</span>
*<span> 11. ''Thomas A C Weiser'': Three Practices of the Four Foundations of<br> Mindfulness: An Investigation in Comparative Soteriology</span><span>111</span>
*<span> 12. ''Professor Angraj Chaudhary'': The Philosophy of Suffering and the Practice<br> of Vipassana</span><span>128</span>
*<span> 13. ''Joel Walmsley & Ira Greenberg'': Mind, Death and Supervenience:<br> Towards a Comparative Dialogue</span><span>134</span>
*<span> 14. ''Jeff Waistell'': Mindfulness Meditation and Praxis</span><span>149</span>
*<span> 15. ''Charles Pyle'': A Strategic Perspective on Buddhist Meditation</span><span>158</span>
*<span> 16. ''Jim Rheingans'': Communicating the Innate: Observations on Teacher-Student<br> Interaction in the Tibetan Mahāmudrā Instructions</span><span>177</span>
*<span> 17. ''Sumi Lee'': Searching for a Possibility of Buddhist Hermeneutics:<br> Two Exegetic Strategies in Buddhist Tradition</span><span>202</span>
*<span> 18. ''Khristos Nizamis'': The Mind’s 'I' in Meditation : Early Pāli Buddhadhamma:<br> and Transcendental Phenomenology in Mutual Reflection</span><span>212</span>
*<span> 19. ''Apisin Sivayathorn & Apichai Puntasen'': Is It True That Buddhism is<br> Mind-Based Science?</span><span>239</span>
*<span> 20. ''Karin Meyers'': The Pleasant Way: The Dhyāna-s, Insight and the Path<br> according to the Abhidharmakośa</span><span>259</span>
*<span> 21. ''Thanaphon Cheungsirakulvit'': Buddhadāsa's Poetry: the Object of<br> Contemplation on Emptiness</span><span>278</span>
*<span> 22. ''Prof. Yasanjali Devika Jayatilleke'': An Anthropological Study on the Rituals<br> Pertaining to Life Crises Events among Sri Lankan Buddhists</span><span>314</span>
*<span> 23. ''Dr. Mark Owen'': The Philosophical Foundations of the Tibetan<br> Buddhist Practice of Bodily Preservation</span><span>324</span>
*<span> 24. ''Bethany Lowe'': Dangerous Dharma, Death, and Depression:<br> The Importance of 'Right View' for Practicing Contemplation within a<br> Western Buddhist Tradition</span><span>343</span>
*<span> 25. ''Venerable Bhikkhuni Anula Devi'': The Practical approach to the<br> Enlightenment through the Buddhist Meditation</span><span>362</span>
*<span> 26. ''Dr. Wangchuk Dorjee Negi'': Buddhist Meditation Practices</span><span>370</span>
*<span> 27. ''Dr Sarah Shaw'' : Breathing Mindfulness: Text and Practice</span><span>378</span>
*<span> 28. ''Nuengfa Nawaboonniyom & Apichai Puntasen'': The Training of<br> Satipaṭṭhāna related to 15 Caraṇas and 8 Vijjās</span><span>391</span>
*<span> 29. ''Giuliana Martini'': Transcending the Limiting Power of Karma<br> The Early Buddhist Appamāṇas</span><span>413</span>
*<span> 30. ''Ven. Dr. Yuanci'': A Study of the Meditation Methods in the DESM<br> and Other Early Chinese Texts</span><span>438</span>
*<span> 31. ''Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uma Shankar'': The Philosophical Perspectives in the<br> Meditational practices of Tantric Buddhism</span><span>466</span>
<center>''Introduction''</center>
<center>''First Part''</center>
<center>THE TEACHING OF THE ELDERS</center>
<center>''By I. B. Horner''</center>
* <span> THE SAMGHA</span><span>17</span>
<center>THE ORDER OF MONKS AND NUNS</center>
<center>''Conversion of Anathapindika'' 17</center>
<center>''Conversion of General Siha'' 20</center>
<center>''Ordination of Pajapati the Great'' 23</center>
<center>''Visakha, the Laywoman Supporter'' 26</center>
<center>''Schism'' 28</center>
<center>SKILL IN MEANS 33</center>
<center>ARAHANTS 42</center>
<center>THE BUDDHIST APOCALYPSE 45</center>
* <span> THE DHAMMA</span><span>51</span>
<center>THE FIVE FACULTIES</center>
<center>''The Five Faculties collectively'' 51</center>
<center>''The Five Faculties separately'' 52</center>
<center>''Faith'' 52</center>
<center>''Vigour'' 54</center>
<center>''Mindfulness'' 56</center>
<center>''Concentration'' 60</center>
<center>''Wisdom'' 64</center>
<center>CONDITIONED GENESIS</center>
<center>''Conditioned Genesis collectively'' 65</center>
<center>''Cond:tioned Genesis separately'' 70</center>
<center>''Ignorance'' 70</center>
<center>''Consciousness'' 70</center>
<center>''Feelng'' 72</center>
<center>''Craving'' 73</center>
<center>''Grasping'' 74</center>
<center>''Birth, Ageing and Dying'' 76</center>
<center>THE OBJECT OF WISDOM</center>
<center>''Crossing Over'' 82</center>
<center>''Emptiness'' 90</center>
<center>''Nirvana'' 92</center>
*<span> THE BUDDHA AND TATHAGATA</span><span>103</span>
<center>''Second Part''</center>
<center>THE MAHAYANA</center>
<center>''By Edward Conze''</center>
* <span> BASIC NOTIONS</span><span>119</span>
<center>CRITICISM OF THE HINAYANA POSITION</center>
<center>''Bodhisattvas and Disciples'' 119</center>
<center>''The Conversion of Sariputra'' 120</center>
<center>''The two Nirvanas'' 124</center>
<center>THE BODHISATTVA</center>
<center>''Descriptions'' 127</center>
<center>''His Infinite Compassion'' 131</center>
<center>''The Dedication of Merit'' 132</center>
<center>THE SIX PERFECTIONS</center>
<center>''Definition'' 135</center>
<center>''The six Perfections and the Body'' 136</center>
<center>''The Perfection of Giving'' 136</center>
<center>''The Perfection of Patience'' 137</center>
<center>''The Perfection of Meditation'' 138</center>
<center>THE BUDDHA</center>
<center>''The Tathagata as a Rain-cloud'' 139</center>
<center>''The real Buddha'' 140</center>
<center>''The Tathagatas' Coming and Going'' 143</center>
<center>''The Dharma-body'' 143</center>
<center>''Tathagata and Suchness'' 144</center>
<center>''The 18 special dharmas of a Buddha'' 145</center>
* <span> NEW WISDOM SCHOOL</span><span>146</span>
<center>THE PERFECTION OF WISDOM 146</center>
<center>THE ELUSIVENESS OF PERFECT WISDOM 149</center>
<center>THE DOCTRINE OF PERFECT WISDOM 152</center>
<center>EMPTINESS</center>
<center>''Preliminary Meditations'' 158</center>
<center>''Definitions and Synonyms of Emptiness'' 163</center>
<center>''Negations'' 172</center>
<center>''Contradictions'' 175</center>
<center>''Unreality of the World'' 177</center>
<center>''Emptiness and Salvation'' 179</center>
<center>''The Germ of Buddhahood in all Beings'' 181</center>
* <span> THE BUDDHISM OF FAITH</span><span>185</span>
<center>FAITH 185</center>
<center>THE ACTS AND REWARDS OF DEVOTION 186</center>
<center>THE OBJECTS OF DEVOTION</center>
<center>''The Buddha'' 190</center>
<center>''Avalokitesvara'' 194</center>
<center>''Tara'' 196</center>
<center>THE PURE LAND 202</center>
* <span> YOGACARINS</span><span>207</span>
<center>MIND ONLY 207</center>
<center>TWOFOLD EGOLESSNESS 211</center>
<center>IRREALITY OF THE WORLD 212</center>
<center>THE BUDDHA AS THE BASIS OF ALL 216</center>
<center>''Third Part''</center>
<center>THE TANTRAS</center>
<center>''By David Snellgrove''</center>
<center>''The Cleansing of Thought'' 221</center>
<center>''Supreme Enlightenment'' 221</center>
<center>''Saraha's Treasury of Songs'' 224</center>
<center>''Anangavajra, The Attainment of the Realization of Wisdom and Means'' 240</center>
<center>''Note on the Mandala'' 246</center>
<center>''Advayavajra, The fivefold Manifestation'' 249</center>
<center>''An Evocation of Prajnaparamita'' 252</center>
<center>''The Mandala conceived within'' 254</center>
<center>''The Story of Tanti'' 255</center>
<center>''Mila Repa and the Novices'' 257</center>
<center>''Fourth Part''</center>
<center>TEXTS FROM CHINA AND JAPAN</center>
<center>By Arthur Waley</center>
<center>Introduction</center>
* <span> TEXTS ORIGINATING IN INDIA</span><span>274</span>
<center>''The Parable of Me and Mine'' 274</center>
<center>''On the Curing of Illness contracted during Dhyana Practice'' 274</center>
<center>''Meditation upon the Element Water'' 275</center>
<center>''Judging the Character of a Dhyana Pupil'' 276</center>
<center>''The Bracelets'' 278</center>
<center>''All Words are true'' 278</center>
<center>''Buddha's Doctrine'' 279</center>
<center>''The Negation of Dhyana'' 280</center>
<center>''Po Chu-i. Poem On Reading the Dhyana Sutra'' 281</center>
<center>''Nationality'' 282</center>
<center>''The Intermediate State'' 283</center>
<center>''Devas repeople the Earth'' 283</center>
<center>''Buddha's Pity'' 285</center>
* <span> TEXTS ORIGINATING IN CHINA AND JAPAN</span><span>287</span>
<center>''A Hinayana Sect in early China'' 287</center>
<center>''The Truly So'' 290</center>
<center>''From the Lives of the Nuns'' 291</center>
<center>''On Trust in the Heart'' 295</center>
<center>From the Conversations of Shen-hui 299</center>
<center>''A nice Mountain'' 302</center>
<center>''Rain-making'' 302</center>
* <span> BIBLIOGRAPHY</span><span>307</span>
* <span> SOURCES</span><span>311</span>
* <span> GLOSSARY</span><span>313</span>
* <span> ABBREVIATIONS</span><span>323</span>
C
*<span> ''Dedication''</span><span>7</span>
*<span> ''Foreword''</span><span>9</span>
*<span> Open and Free</span><span>13</span>
*<span> Ground</span><span>22</span>
*<span> View</span><span>35</span>
*<span> Beginning Meditation</span><span>53</span>
*<span> Transcending Shamatha</span><span>64</span>
*<span> Not Meditating, Not Being Distracted</span><span>88</span>
*<span> Guided Meditation</span><span>102</span>
*<span> Losing It</span><span>108</span>
*<span> Vajrasattva Meditation</span><span>126</span>
*<span> Development and Completion Unified</span><span>140</span>
*<span> Compassion</span><span>148</span>
*<span> Carefree</span><span>161</span>
*<span> Progressive Path</span><span>167</span>
*<span> Bardo</span><span>186</span>
*<span> Fruition</span><span>201</span>
*<span> Confidence</span><span>213</span>
*<span> Dignity</span><span>230</span>
*<span> ''Afterword''</span><span>235</span>
+
Cataphatic Emptiness: rGyal-tshab on the Buddha-essence Theory of Asaṅga's Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā +
*<span> List of Tables</span><span>v</span>
*<span> Acknowledgments</span><span>vI</span>
*<span> Technical Notes</span><span>vii</span>
Part 1: The Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika Interpretation of the Buddha-essence Theory
*<span> Introduction</span><span>2</span>
*<span> Chapter 1: Historical and Doctrinal Background</span><span>17</span>
**<span> 1. rGyal-tshab's Life and Works</span><span>17</span>
**<span> 2. The social-political background</span><span>26</span>
**<span> 3. The doctrinal background</span><span>29</span>
**<span> 4. The Structure and Contents of the ''rGyud bla ṭīkā''</span><span>33</span>
*<span> Chapter 2: Doctrinal Classification of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''</span><span>37</span>
**<span> 1. Asaṅga and the Five Treatises of Maitreya</span><span>38</span>
**<span> 2. The subtle emptiness according to the RGV</span><span>41</span>
***<span> The truth-habit as the cause of saṃsāra</span><span>41</span>
***<span> The truth-habit as the addictive obscuration</span><span>43</span>
***<span> Śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas' realization of objective selflessness</span><span>44</span>
***<span> Refuting the Vijñānavādin standpoint concerning emptiness</span><span>47</span>
**<span> 3. The Three Stages of Teaching according to the DIR</span><span>49</span>
***<span> Establishing the unique vehicle</span><span>49</span>
***<span> As the distinctive presentation of the Prāsaṅgika-Mādhyamika <br>viewpoint</span><span>54</span>
**<span> 4. The ''Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra'' and the TGS</span><span>56</span>
**<span> 5. The TGS as Being Definitive</span><span>62</span>
*<span> Chapter 3: Critiques of Absolutism, Skepticism, and Quietism</span><span>69</span>
**<span> 1. Critique of Dol-po-pa's "Great Madhyamaka"</span><span>70</span>
***<span> Refuting Dol-po-pa's classification of the TGS</span><span>71</span>
***<span> Refuting Buddha-essence as a permanent entity</span><span>72</span>
***<span> Refuting Buddha-essence as being endowed with twofold purities</span><span>77</span>
**<span> 2. Critique of the Mainstream Positions</span><span>81</span>
***<span> 'Gos-lo's position on Buddha-essence</span><span>84</span>
***<span> dGe-lugs-pa scholars' responses</span><span>89</span>
**<span> 3. A Comparison with Critiques of "Original-enlightenment" theory in<br>Modern Chinese Buddhism</span><span>94</span>
***<span> A comparison of interpretations between 'Gos-lo and Zongmi</span><span>96</span>
***<span> Modern Chinese Critiques of "Original-enlightenment"</span><span>99</span>
*<span> Chapter 4: Analysis of the Title and Textural Structure</span><span>110</span>
**<span> 1. The Title "''Mahāyānottaratantra''" and Its Implication</span><span>110</span>
**<span> 2. The Seven Vajra-Like Bases</span><span>114</span>
***<span> Two aspects</span><span>114</span>
***<span> rGyal-tshab's revision of rNgog-lo's "two wheels" theory </span><span>116</span>
***<span> The first three bases as ultimate fruition</span><span>118</span>
***<span> The last four bases as cause and conditions</span><span>119</span>
**<span> 3. The Term "Ratnagotra" and the Textual Structure of RGV</span><span>121</span>
**<span> 4. rGyal-tshab on the Fourfold ''Ratnagotra'' as Cause and Conditions</span><span>124</span>
***<span> The Element as a cause according to RGV I.16</span><span>124</span>
***<span> The last three bases as conditions</span><span>127</span>
**<span> 5. On RGV 1.3</span><span>129</span>
**<span> 6. Conclusion</span><span>132</span>
*<span> Chapter 5: Reality, Element, and Natural Luminosity of the Mind</span><span>134</span>
**<span> 1. The Buddha-essence and Its Various Names</span><span>134</span>
**<span> 2. Reality</span><span>136</span>
***<span> As immutable ultimate reality</span><span>136</span>
***<span> The tainted reality</span><span>138</span>
**<span> 3. ''Dharmatā''</span><span>140</span>
**<span> 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind</span><span>142</span>
***<span> Origin in Canonical sources</span><span>142</span>
***<span> rGyal-tshab's Exegesis on the Passages from the SMS and the DIR</span><span>144</span>
***<span> On the Passage from the GGS</span><span>147</span>
**<span> 5. The Element</span><span>150</span>
***<span> According to the AAN</span><span>150</span>
***<span> According to the MAS</span><span>154</span>
**<span> 6. The Buddha-essence and the Madhyamaka Philosophy</span><span>156</span>
***<span> The Equation of the Buddha-essence with emptiness</span><span>156</span>
***<span> Realizing the Buddha-essence as the Middle Way</span><span>159</span>
**<span> 7. Conclusion</span><span>163</span>
*<span> Chapter 6: Buddha-essence and Its Ten Aspects</span><span>164</span>
**<span> 1. The Tripartite Buddha-essence</span><span>164</span>
***<span> The diffusion of the truth body</span><span>166</span>
***<span> The indivisible reality and generic potentials</span><span>168</span>
**<span> 2. The Ten Points</span><span>170</span>
***<span> Nature</span><span>171</span>
***<span> Causes</span><span>173</span>
***<span> Fruition</span><span>178</span>
***<span> Actions</span><span>187</span>
***<span> Possession</span><span>192</span>
***<span> Engagement</span><span>194</span>
***<span> States</span><span>196</span>
***<span> All-pervadingness</span><span>198</span>
***<span> Unchangeability</span><span>200</span>
***<span> Indivisible excellences</span><span>205</span>
*<span> Chapter 7: The Eighteen Similes in the ''Tathāgatagarbha-sūtra''</span><span>209</span>
**<span> 1. rGyal-tshab's General Discussion</span><span>209</span>
**<span> 2. The Nine Smiles for the Obscuring Defilements</span><span>215</span>
***<span> The lotus simile for latent state of attachment</span><span>215</span>
***<span> The bees simile for latent state of hatred</span><span>216</span>
***<span> The husks simile for latent state of misknowledge</span><span>216</span>
***<span> The filth simile for intense outburst of attachment, hatred, and<br>misknowledge</span><span>218</span>
***<span> The floor simile for ground of instincts for misknowledge</span><span>219</span>
***<span> The fruit simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of Insight</span><span>220</span>
***<span> The tattered rags simile for addictions eliminated by the Path of<br>Meditation</span><span>221</span>
***<span> The woman simile for addictions related to the Impure Stages</span><span>222</span>
***<span> The clay simile for addictions related to the Pure stages</span><span>223</span>
***<span> Discussion of the twofold obscuration</span><span>224</span>
**<span> 3. The Nine Smiles for the Obscured Element</span><span>226</span>
***<span> The three similes for the Truth Body</span><span>228</span>
***<span> The gold simile for reality</span><span>230</span>
***<span> The five similes for the spiritual gene</span><span>231</span>
*<span> Chapter 8: The Twofold Spiritual Gene</span><span>236</span>
**<span> 1. Tsong-kha-pa's Analysis of the Vijñānavadin Standpoints</span><span>237</span>
**<span> 2. A Mādhyamika Critique of the Vijñānavadin Standpoint</span><span>248</span>
**<span> 3. The dGe-Iugs-pa Exegesis of the "Spiritual Gene" Section of the AA</span><span>250</span>
**<span> 4. Natural Luminosity of the Mind under Debate</span><span>256</span>
*<span> Conclusion</span><span>264</span>
*<span> Abbreviations</span><span>268</span>
*<span> Bibliography</span><span>271</span>
Part 2: Appendices
*<span> 1. A Special Edition of Chapter One of the ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā''<br>(1a-72a and 64a-170b)</span><span>285</span>
**<span> A. Topical Outline</span><span>285</span>
**<span> B. Special Edition</span><span>306</span>
*<span> 2. Translations</span><span>449</span>
**<span> A. The ''Mahāyānottaratantrarvyākhyā'' (Chapter One: 1.1-7.5 and 21.1-78.22)</span><span>449</span>
**<span> B. The ''Theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i ṭīkā'' (Chapter One: 1a-72a and<br>64a-170b)</span><span>525</span>
*<span> Acknowledgments</span><span>ii</span>
*<span> I Introduction</span><span>1</span>
*<span> II. The Structure and Meaning of the Two Truths</span><span>14</span>
**<span> A. The Theoretical Structure</span><span>14</span>
***<span> 1. Principle and Teaching: The Two Truths as Teachings</span><span>15</span>
***<span> 2. The Context of Truth</span><span>26</span>
***<span> 3. The Initial Thesis and the Four Levels of Two Truths</span><span>33</span>
**<span> B. The Identity of Emptiness and Existence: Terms and Concepts</span><span>53</span>
***<span> 1. The Identity of the Two Truths</span><span>54</span>
***<span> 2. The Four Categories of Interpretation</span><span>62</span>
***<span> 3. Provisional and Middle: Interdependency, Principle and Teaching</span><span>68</span>
**<span> C. The Essence and Function of the Two Truths</span><span>85</span>
***<span> 1. The Liang Theories</span><span>94</span>
***<span> 2. The Three Kinds of Middle Path</span><span>101</span>
*<span> III. The Practice of Insight into the Two Truths</span><span>113</span>
**<span> A. Introduction</span><span>113</span>
***<span> 1. Theory and Practice</span><span>121</span>
***<span> 2. ''Prajñā'' and ''Upāya''</span><span>129</span>
**<span> B. The Dharmas as Objects-of-Cognition</span><span>137</span>
***<span> 1. True Dharma</span><span>138</span>
***<span> 2. The True Mark of the Dharmas and the True Dharma</span><span>145</span>
***<span> 3. The Non-duality of Subject and Object, Cause and Result</span><span>154</span>
**<span> C. The Concurrent Insight of the Two Truths and the Two Knowledges</span><span>165</span>
*<span> IV. The Theory and the Practice of the Buddha-nature</span><span>186</span>
**<span> A. Introduction: Chi-tsang and the ''Nirvāṇa-sūtra''</span><span>186</span>
**<span> B. The Buddha-nature of the Middle Path</span><span>200</span>
***<span> 1. The Buddha-nature Theories of the North-South Period</span><span>201</span>
***<span> 2. The Buddha-nature of Neither Cause nor Result</span><span>209</span>
***<span> 3. The Buddha-nature of Non-sentient Objects</span><span>217</span>
**<span> C. The Five Kinds of Buddha-nature</span><span>231</span>
***<span> 1. Textual and Historical Development</span><span>231</span>
***<span> 2. The Ekayāna and the Buddha-nature</span><span>244</span>
***<span> 3. The Two Knowledges and the Perception of the Buddha-nature</span><span>255</span>
*<span> Appendix I: The Meaning of the Two Truths</span><span>269</span>
*<span> Appendix II: The Meaning of Buddha-nature</span><span>357</span>
*<span> Notes</span><span>419</span>
*<span> Selected Bibliography</span><span>443</span>
*<span> Preface</span><span>1</span>
*<span> Editorial Note</span><span>3</span>
*<span> Abbreviations</span><span>5</span>
<center> I. TEXTUAL RESEARCH</center>
*<span> A Revised Edition of the ''Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra'', "Kṣanikaparivarta"</span><span>9</span>
<center>II. THE ''LAṄKĀVATĀRA'' AND OTHER TEXTS</center>
*<span> An Analysis of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'': In Search of Its Original Form</span><span>101</span>
*<span> The Concept of ''Manas'' in the ''Laṅkāvatāra''</span><span>118</span>
*<span> Sources of the ''Laṅkāvatāra'' and Its Position in Mahāyāna Buddhism</span><span>128</span>
*<span> The Structure of the ''Anuttarāśrayasūtra'' (''Wu-shang-i ching'')</span><span>156</span>
*<span> Remarks on the Sanskrit Fragments of the ''Abhidharmadharmaskandhapādaśāstra''</span><span>165</span>
*<span> On the ''Myaṅ 'das''</span><span>175</span>
*<span> Textual Problems of the ''Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda''</span><span>184</span>
<center>III. TECHNICAL TERMS AND BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE</center> <center>''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' THEORY</center>
*<span> The "Tathāgatôtpattisaṃbhava-nirdeśa" of the ''Avataṃsaka'' and the ''Ratnagotra-<br> vibhāga'': With Special Reference to the Term ''Tathāgata-gotra-saṃbhava''</span><span>201</span>
*<span> The Description of Ultimate Reality by Means of Six Categories in Mahāyāna<br> Buddhism</span><span>208</span>
*<span> A Comment on the Term ''Ārambaṇa'' in the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'', 1.9</span><span>219</span>
*<span> ''Dharmatā'', ''Dharmadhātu'', ''Dharmakāya'' and ''Buddhadhātu'': The Structure of the<br> Ultimate Value in Mahāyāna Buddhism</span><span>228</span>
*<span> On ''Upādāna''/''Upādāyaprajñapti''</span><span>246</span>
*<span> On ''Upādāna'' (II): ''Ālayavijñāna'' and Its Two Kinds of ''Upādāna''</span><span>265</span>
*<span> On ''Gotrabhū''</span><span>280</span>
<center>IV. ''TATHĀGATAGARBHA'' DOCTRINE IN GENERAL</center>
*<span> The Buddhist Concept of the Spiritual Family</span><span>293</span>
*<span> The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory in the ''Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''</span><span>299</span>
*<span> ''Tathāgatagarbha'' and the Community of Bodhisattvas</span><span>311</span>
*<span> Ethische Implikationen der ''Tathāgatagarbha''-Lehre</span><span>324</span>
*<span> Thoughts on ''Dhātu-vāda'' and Recent Trends in Buddhist Studies</span><span>343</span>
*<span> The ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Theory Reconsidered: Reflections on Some Recent Issues in<br> Japanese Buddhist Studies</span><span>352</span>
<center>V. JAPANESE AND EAST ASIAN BUDDHISM</center>
*<span> A History of East Asian Buddhist Thought: The Formation of a Sphere of<br> Chinese-Canon-Based Buddhism</span><span>369</span>
*<span> "Japanization" of Buddhism</span><span>417</span>
*<span> The Ekayāna (One Vehicle) Doctrine as the Basis of Japanese Buddhism</span><span>432</span>
*<span> Kōbō Daishi (Kūkai) and ''Tathāgatagarbha'' Thought</span><span>451</span>
*<span> ''Saṃsāra eva nirvāṇam''</span><span>480</span>
*<span> "Non-Sentient Beings Preaching the Dharma": Buddhist Views on the<br> Environment</span><span>499</span>
*<span> Some Problems in the Tibetan Translations from Chinese Materials</span><span>524</span>
<center>VI. BUDDHIST STUDIES IN JAPAN</center>
*<span> One Hundred Years of Buddhist Studies in Japan</span><span>539</span>
<center>VII. BOOK REVIEWS</center>
*<span> John M. Koller, ''Oriental Philosophies''</span><span>565</span>
*<span> David Seyfort Ruegg, ''La théorie du tathāgatagarbha et du gotra''</span><span>571</span>
*<span> Alex & Hideko Wayman, ''The Lion's Roar of Queen Śrīmālā''</span><span>586</span>
*<span> Hajime Nakamura, ''Indian Buddhism''</span><span>591</span>
*<span> Index</span><span> 595</span>
*<span> ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</span><span>ix</span>
*<span> ABBREVIATIONS</span><span>xi</span>
*<span> CONVENTIONS OF USAGE</span><span>xii</span>
*<span> Introduction: Prolegomenon to the Study of Medieval Chinese<br> Buddhist Literature</span><span>1</span><br><br>
*''Part 1: The Historical and Cosmological Background''
*<span> 1. The Date and Provenance of the Treasure Store Treatise</span><span>31</span>
*<span> 2. Chinese Buddhism and the Cosmology of Sympathetic Resonance</span><span>77</span><br><br>
*<span> ''Part 2: Annotated Translation of the'' Treasure Store Treatise<br> Introduction to the Translation</span><span>137</span>
*<span> 3. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter One<br> The Broad Illumination of Emptiness and Being</span><span>143</span>
*<span> 4. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Two<br> The Essential Purity of Transcendence and Subtlety</span><span>193</span>
*<span> 5. The ''Treasure Store Treatise''/Chapter Three<br> The Empty Mystery of the Point of Genesis</span><span>228</span><br><br>
*<span> Appendix 1: On Esoteric Buddhism in China</span><span>263</span>
*<span> Appendix 2: Scriptural Quotations in the ''Treasure Store Treatise''</span><span>279</span>
*<span> NOTES</span><span>287</span>
*<span> WORKS CITED</span><span>345</span>
*<span> INDEX</span><span>379</span>
+
* '''''Chapter 1'''''
* <span> '''Two Approaches to Ultimate Realization'''</span><span>'''1'''</span>
<center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF THE PATHS'''</center>
* '''''Chapter 2'''''
* <span> '''The Presentation of the Paths''' </span><span>'''3'''</span>
** <span> The Meaning of Path </span><span>3</span>
*** <span> ''The Presentation of Grounds and Paths in the Causal Vehicle of Characteristics''</span><span>4</span>
*** <span> ''1. The presentation of the natures of the paths''</span><span>5</span>
* '''''Chapter 3'''''
* <span> '''The Entity of Path''' </span><span>'''7'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.1. The entity of path''</span><span>7</span>
** <span> The Definition of Path</span><span>8</span>
** <span> The First Incorrect Definition</span><span>8</span>
** <span> The Second Incorrect Definition</span><span>9</span>
** <span> The Third Incorrect Definition</span><span>10</span>
** <span> Summary of the Three Incorrect Definitions</span><span>10</span>
* '''''Chapter 4'''''
* <span> '''The Classificational Enumerations of the Paths'''</span><span>'''11'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.2. The classificational enumerations''</span><span>11</span>
** <span> Five Paths, One Practice</span><span>12</span>
* '''''Chapter 5'''''
* <span> '''The Semantic Explanation of Path'''</span><span>'''15'''</span>
*** <span> 1.3. ''The semantic explanation of the meaning of the term''</span><span>15</span>
* '''''Chapter 6'''''
* <span> '''Nominal and Actual Paths'''</span><span>'''17'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.4. The difference between actual and nominal paths''</span><span>17</span>
* '''''Chapter 7'''''
* <span> '''The Five Paths''' </span><span>'''19'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.5. The detailed explanations of each one of the five paths''</span><span>19</span>
* '''''Chapter 8'''''
* <span> '''The Path of Accumulation'''</span><span>'''21'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1. The path of accumulation''</span><span>21</span>
* <span> THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>21</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.1. Setting up its definition''</span><span>21</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>22</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.2. Identifying its illustration''</span><span>22</span>
* <span> THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>23</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.3. The extensive classification''</span><span>23</span>
** <span> The Threefold Classification of Lesser, Medium, and Greater</span><span>23</span>
*** <span> The Four Intense Applications of Mindfulness</span><span>24</span>
*** <span> The Four Perfect Relinquishments</span><span>24</span>
*** <span> The Four Limbs of Miraculous Powers</span><span>25</span>
*** <span> Two Reasons for the Threefold Classification</span><span>25</span>
** <span> The Alternative Fourfold Classification</span><span>26</span>
* <span> THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>27</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.4 Determining its nature''</span><span>27</span>
** <span> The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises</span><span>27</span>
** <span> The Grounds on Which It Relies</span><span>28</span>
** <span> The Objects on Which It Focuses</span><span>28</span>
* <span> THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH<br>OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>29</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''</span><span>29</span>
*<span> THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>31</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.6. Stating its qualities''</span><span>31</span>
* <span> THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>33</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.7. Its function''</span><span>33</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF ACCUMULATION</span><span>35</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.1.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''</span><span>35</span>
* '''''Chapter 9'''''
* <span> '''The Path of Junction'''</span><span>37</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2. The path of junction''</span><span>37</span>
* <span> THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>37</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.1. Setting up its definition''</span><span>37</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>40</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.2. Identifying its illustration''</span><span>40</span>
* <span> THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>40</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.3. The extensive classification''</span><span>40</span>
** <span> The Classification Through Nature</span><span>41</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of Accumulation and Junction</span><span>41</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of Lesser and Greater</span><span>42</span>
** <span> The Classification by Way of Realization</span><span>43</span>
*** <span> The Phase of Heat </span><span>45</span>
*** <span> The Phase of Peak </span><span>46</span>
*** <span> The Phase of Endurance </span><span>49</span>
*** <span> The Phase of Supreme Dharma</span><span>50</span>
* <span> THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>52</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.4. Determining its nature''</span><span>52</span>
** <span> The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises</span><span>52</span>
** <span> The Grounds on Which It Relies</span><span>53</span>
** <span> The Objects on Which It Focuses</span><span>56</span>
* <span> THE FEATURE OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH<br>OF JUNCTION</span><span>58</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''</span><span>58</span>
** <span> What Is Relinquished </span><span>59</span>
** <span> What Is Realized </span><span>60</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>63</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.6. Stating its qualities''</span><span>63</span>
* <span> THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>64</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.7. Its function''</span><span>64</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF JUNCTION</span><span>65</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.2.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''</span><span>65</span>
* '''''Chapter 10'''''
* <span> '''The Path of Seeing''' </span><span>'''67'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3. The path of seeing''</span><span>67</span>
* <span> THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>67</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.1. Setting up its definition''</span><span>67</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>69</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.2. Identifying its illustration''</span><span>69</span>
* <span> THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>70</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.3. The extensive classification''</span><span>70</span>
* <span> THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>71</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4. Determining its nature''</span><span>71</span>
** <span> The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Through Seeing Are Relinquished</span><span>72</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.1. The presentation of the way in which the factors to be relinquished<br>through seeing are relinquished''</span><span>72</span>
** <span> The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished</span><span>72</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.1.1. The definition of the factors to be relinquished''</span><span>72</span>
** <span> The Extensive Classification of the Factors to be Relinquished</span><span>73</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.1.2. The extensive classification of the factors to be relinquished''</span><span>73</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.1.2.1. The classification of their entity''</span><span>74</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.1.2.2. The classification of the way of relinquishment''</span><span>76</span>
** <span> The Way in Which the Factors to be Relinquished Are Relinquished</span><span>78</span>
* <span> ''1.5.3.4.1.3. The way in which the factors to be relinquished are relinquished''</span><span>78</span>
** <span> The Way in Which the Path of Seeing Arises</span><span>82</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2. The presentation of the way in which the path of seeing arises''</span><span>82</span>
** <span> The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises</span><span>82</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.1. The (psychophysical) supports in which it arises''</span><span>82</span>
** <span> The Grounds on Which It Relies</span><span>83</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.2. The grounds on which it relies''</span><span>83</span>
** <span> The Ways of Realization </span><span>85</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.3. The ways of realization''</span><span>85</span>
** <span> From How Many Moments It Arises</span><span>87</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.4. (The issue) from how many moments it arises''</span><span>87</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.4.1. The system of the common vehicle''</span><span>87</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.4.2.4.2. The uncommon system''</span><span>91</span>
* <span> THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE PATH<br>OF SEEING</span><span>93</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''</span><span>93</span>
** <span> What Is Relinquished </span><span>93</span>
** <span> What Is Realized </span><span>94</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>96</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.6. Stating its qualities''</span><span>96</span>
* <span> THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>99</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.7. Its function''</span><span>99</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF SEEING</span><span>99</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.3.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''</span><span>99</span>
* '''''Chapter 11'''''
* <span> '''The Path of Meditation'''</span><span>'''103'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4. The path of meditation''</span><span>103</span>
* <span> THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>103</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.1. Setting up its definition''</span><span>103</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>104</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.2. Identifying its illustration''</span><span>104</span>
* <span> THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>108</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.3. The extensive classification''</span><span>108</span>
** <span> The Mundane Path of Meditation</span><span>109</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.3.1. The mundane path of meditation''</span><span>109</span>
** <span> The Supramundane Path of Meditation</span><span>109</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.3.2. The supramundane path of meditation''</span><span>109</span>
** <span> Classification Through Its Psychophysical Supports</span><span>110</span>
** <span> Classification Through the Factors to be Relinquished</span><span>111</span>
** <span> Classification Through the Paths</span><span>111</span>
** <span> Classification Through Its Entity</span><span>112</span>
** <span> Classification Through Familiarization</span><span>112</span>
* <span> THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>113</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.4. Determining its nature''</span><span>113</span>
** <span> The Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation</span><span>113</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.4.1. The way in which the factors to be relinquished through meditation are relinquished''</span><span>113</span>
*** <span> The Definition of the Factors to be Relinquished Through Meditation</span><span>114</span>
*** <span> Their Extensive Classification</span><span>116</span>
*** <span> The Way in Which They Are Relinquished Through the Remedies</span><span>117</span>
** <span> The Arising of the Path of Meditation</span><span>118</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.4.2. The way in which the path of meditation arises''</span><span>118</span>
*** <span> The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises</span><span>118</span>
*** <span> The Grounds on Which It Relies</span><span>119</span>
*** <span> The Objects on Which It Focuses</span><span>120</span>
* <span> THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION ON THE<br>PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>121</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''</span><span>121</span>
** <span> What is Relinquished </span><span>122</span>
** <span> What is Realized </span><span>122</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>124</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.6. Stating its qualities''</span><span>124</span>
* <span> THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>125</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.7. Its function''</span><span>125</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF MEDITATION</span><span>126</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.4.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''</span><span>126</span>
* '''''Chapter 12'''''
* <span> '''The Path of Completion''' </span><span>'''129'''</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5. The path of completion''</span><span>129</span>
* <span> THE DEFINITION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>129</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.1. Setting up its definition''</span><span>129</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>131</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.2. Identifying its illustration''</span><span>131</span>
* <span> THE EXTENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>131</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.3. The extensive classification''</span><span>131</span>
** <span> The Classification of the Three Vehicles</span><span>132</span>
** <span> The Classification of the Two Paths</span><span>132</span>
** <span> The Classification of the Three Grounds</span><span>132</span>
** <span> Two Other Distinctive Features</span><span>132</span>
** <span> The Ten Dharmas of No More Learning</span><span>134</span>
** <span> The Five Uncontaminated Aggregates</span><span>135</span>
* <span> THE NATURE OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>136</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.4. Determining its nature''</span><span>136</span>
** <span> The Psychophysical Supports in Which It Arises & The Grounds It Relies on</span><span>136</span>
** <span> The Objects It Focuses on </span><span>137</span>
* <span> THE FEATURES OF RELINQUISHMENT & REALIZATION OF THE<br>PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>138</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.5. The features of relinquishment and realization''</span><span>138</span>
** <span> What is Relinquished </span><span>139</span>
** <span> What is Realized </span><span>139</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>140</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.6. Stating its qualities''</span><span>140</span>
* <span> THE FUNCTION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>141</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.7. Its function''</span><span>141</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE PATH OF COMPLETION</span><span>141</span>
*** <span> ''1.5.5.8. Teaching its semantic explanation''</span><span>141</span>
<center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF GROUNDS'''</center>
* '''''Chapter 13'''''
* <span> '''The Presentation of Grounds'''</span><span>'''143'''</span>
* '''''Chapter 14'''''
* <span> '''The Two Grounds'''</span><span>'''149'''</span>
*** <span> ''2. Teaching the presentation of the grounds''</span><span>149</span>
*** <span> ''2.1. The presentation as two grounds''</span><span>149</span>
*** <span> ''2.1.1. The brief introduction''</span><span>149</span>
* <span> THE GROUNDS FREE FROM ATTACHMENT</span><span>150</span>
*** <span> ''2.1.2. The detailed explanation''</span><span>150</span>
*** <span> ''2.1.2.1. The grounds free from attachment''</span><span>150</span>
** <span> The Ground of Fully Seeing What is White</span><span>151</span>
** <span> The Ground of Disposition </span><span>152</span>
** <span> The Eighth Ground </span><span>152</span>
** <span> The Ground of Seeing </span><span>153</span>
** <span> The Ground of Diminishment </span><span>153</span>
** <span> The Ground of Freedom From Desire</span><span>153</span>
** <span> The Ground of Realizing Completion</span><span>153</span>
** <span> The Ground of Hearers</span><span>154</span>
** <span> The Ground of Solitary Realizers</span><span>155</span>
* <span> THE BUDDHA GROUNDS </span><span>156</span>
*** <span> ''2.1.2.2. The Buddha grounds''</span><span>156</span>
* <span> THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO</span><span>157</span>
*** <span> ''2.2. Teaching the differences between these two''</span><span>157</span>
** <span> The Difference of Miraculous Powers</span><span>158</span>
** <span> The Difference of Supernatural Knowledges</span><span>158</span>
** <span> The Difference of Realization </span><span>158</span>
** <span> The Difference of Meditation </span><span>159</span>
** <span> The Difference of Seeing </span><span>159</span>
** <span> The Difference of Language, Teaching the Dharma, and Promoting Welfare</span><span>161</span>
** <span> The Difference of Nirvāṇa </span><span>162</span>
* '''''Chapter 15'''''
* <span> '''The Detailed Explanation of the Buddha Grounds'''</span><span>'''165'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3. The detailed explanation of the Buddha grounds''</span><span>165</span>
* <span> THE ENTITY OF GROUND </span><span>165</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.1. The entity of ground''</span><span>165</span>
* <span> THE ILLUSTRATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS</span><span>166</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.2. The illustration'' </span><span>166</span>
* <span> THE SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS</span><span>166</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3. The semantic explanation''</span><span>166</span>
* <span> THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE BUDDHA GROUNDS</span><span>168</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.4. The classifications''</span><span>168</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of Beings and Noble Ones</span><span>168</span>
*** <span> The Grounds of Ordinary Worldly Beings</span><span>169</span>
*** <span> The Supramundane Grounds</span><span>170</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Attainment</span><span>170</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of the Ways of Accomplishment</span><span>172</span>
** <span> The Classification in Terms of Pride</span><span>173</span>
* '''''Chapter 16'''''
* <span> '''The Special Explanation of the Buddha Grounds'''</span><span>'''175'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5. The special explanation of the grounds of the uncommon great vehicle''</span><span>175</span>
* <span> THE ENTITIES & SEMANTIC EXPLANATION OF THE NAMES</span><span>175</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.1. The entities and semantic explanations of the names''</span><span>175</span>
* <span> THE THOROUGH PURIFICATIONS</span><span>177</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.2. The thorough purifications and where one is transferred to''</span><span>177</span>
* <span> THE PRACTICES & PERSONS ON THE TEN BHŪMIS</span><span>179</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.3. The practices and persons''</span><span>179</span>
** <span> The Ten Pāramitā Practices </span><span>181</span>
** <span> Persons With Pure View </span><span>181</span>
* <span> THE THREE TRAININGS & THE FIVE AGGREGATES</span><span>184</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.4. The three trainings and the aggregates''</span><span>184</span>
** <span> The Three Trainings </span><span>184</span>
** <span> The Five Pure Aggregates </span><span>187</span>
* <span> PURITY, RELINQUISHMENT, & REALIZATION</span><span>188</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.5. Complete purities, relinquishments, and realizations''</span><span>188</span>
** <span> The Progressive Purification of the Ten Bhūmis</span><span>188</span>
** <span> The Factors to be Relinquished on Paths of Seeing and Meditation</span><span>189</span>
** <span> The Realization of the Ten Bhūmis</span><span>191</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF THE TEN BHUMIS</span><span>195</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.5.6. The differences in terms of qualities and arising''</span><span>195</span>
* <span> HOW BODHISATTVAS ARE REBORN</span><span>198</span>
** <span> Rebirth Through Influence </span><span>198</span>
** <span> Rebirth Through Complete Maturation</span><span>200</span>
* '''''Chapter 17'''''
* <span> '''Why the Grounds Are Ten'''</span><span>'''201'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.6. The reason why the number of the grounds is definitely ten''</span><span>201</span>
<center>'''THE PRESENTATION OF RESULTS'''</center>
* '''''Chapter 18'''''
* <span> '''The Presentation of Results'''</span><span>'''205'''</span>
*** <span> Determining the results of the vehicle of characteristics</span><span>205</span>
* '''''Chapter 19'''''
* <span> '''The Three Nirvāṇas'''</span><span>'''207'''</span>
*** <span> ''1. The general explanation of nirvāṇa, the result of the three vehicles''</span><span>207</span>
** <span> Natural Nirvāṇa </span><span>208</span>
** <span> The Nirvāṇa of Cessation </span><span>209</span>
*** <span> The Nominal Nirvāṇa of Cessation</span><span>210</span>
*** <span> The Actual Nirvāṇa of Cessation</span><span>210</span>
** <span> Partially Incomplete & Complete Actual Cessations</span><span>211</span>
** <span> Nonabiding Nirvāṇa </span><span>212</span>
* '''''Chapter 20'''''
* <span> '''The Special Explanation of Buddhahood'''</span><span>'''213'''</span>
*** <span> ''2. The special explanation of Buddhahood, the result of the great vehicle''</span><span>213</span>
*** <span> ''2.1. The nature of Buddhahood''</span><span>213</span>
** <span> The Terminological Meaning of Buddhahood</span><span>215</span>
*** <span> ''2.2. The terminological meaning of this name''</span><span>215</span>
* '''''Chapter 21'''''
* <span> '''The Three Kāyas'''</span><span>'''217'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3. The way in which the activity of enlightened bodies is accomplished''</span><span>217</span>
** <span> The Causes of the Three Kāyas</span><span>217</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.1. The teaching about the connection in terms of what is accomplished from<br>which causes''</span><span>217</span>
** <span> The Accumulations of Merit & Wisdom</span><span>218</span>
** <span> The Great Akaniṣhṭha</span><span>221</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of how this is accomplished in<br>certain places''</span><span>221</span>
** <span> How the Form Kāyas Manifest </span><span>223</span>
** <span> Why the Kāyas Are Three </span><span>223</span>
** <span> The Detailed Explanation of the Three Kāyas</span><span>225</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3. The detailed explanation of the result that is accomplished''</span><span>225</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1. The explanation of the support, the enlightened bodies''</span><span>225</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1. The definitions and other (related topics)''</span><span>225</span>
* '''''Chapter 22'''''
* <span> '''The Dharmakāya'''</span><span>'''227'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.1. The Dharma Body''</span><span>227</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.1.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''</span><span>227</span>
** <span> The Eight Defining Characteristics</span><span>229</span>
** <span> The Twofold Classification </span><span>230</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.1.2. Its classification as different enlightened bodies''</span><span>230</span>
* '''''Chapter 23'''''
* <span> '''The Sambhogakāya'''</span><span>'''231'''</span>
** <span> The Meaning of Sambhogakāya</span><span>231</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.2. The Enjoyment Body''</span><span>231</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.2.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''</span><span>231</span>
** <span> The Definition of Sambhogakāya</span><span>232</span>
** <span> The Eight Characteristics & Five Certainties</span><span>233</span>
** <span> Classifications of Sambhogakāya</span><span>234</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.2.2. The classification''</span><span>234</span>
** <span> How Sambhogakāyas Appear </span><span>235</span>
* '''''Chapter 24'''''
* <span> '''The Nirmāṇakāya''' </span><span>'''239'''</span>
** <span> The Meaning & Definition of Nirmāṇakāya</span><span>239</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.3. The Emanation Body''</span><span>239</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.3.1. The meaning of the term and the definition''</span><span>239</span>
** <span> The Eight Characteristics of a Nirmāṇakāya</span><span>240</span>
** <span> Classifications of Nirmāṇakāya</span><span>242</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.3.2. The classification''</span><span>242</span>
* '''''Chapter 25'''''
* <span> '''The Intention of the Uttaratantra'''</span><span>'''245'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.1.4. Teaching the intention of The Sublime Continuum as a<br>supplementary topic''</span><span>245</span>
** <span> The Perfection of Genuine Purity</span><span>245</span>
** <span> The Perfection of Genuine Identity</span><span>246</span>
** <span> The Perfection of Genuine Bliss</span><span>247</span>
** <span> The Perfection of Genuine Permanence</span><span>247</span>
** <span> The Enlightened Body of a Buddha</span><span>248</span>
** <span> The Five Defining Characteristics</span><span>248</span>
* '''''Chapter 26'''''
* <span> '''The Distinctive Features of the Three Kāyas'''</span><span>'''251'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.2. The explanation of the distinctive features of the three enlightened bodies''</span><span>251</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.2.1. The distinctive feature of equality''</span><span>251</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.2.2. The distinctive feature of permanence''</span><span>252</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.1.2.3. The distinctive feature of appearance''</span><span>252</span>
* '''''Chapter 27'''''
* <span> '''The Five Wisdoms'''</span><span>'''255'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2. The explanation of the supported, the wisdoms''</span><span>255</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.1. The detailed classification''</span><span>255</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2. The meanings of the terms and their entities''</span><span>256</span>
** <span> Dharmadhātu Wisdom </span><span>256</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2.1. The explanation of the meaning of the expanse of dharmas''</span><span>256</span>
** <span> Mirrorlike Wisdom </span><span>258</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2.2. The explanation of the meaning of mirrorlike''</span><span>258</span>
** <span> The Wisdom of Equality </span><span>259</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2.3. The explanation of the meaning of equality''</span><span>259</span>
** <span> Discriminating Wisdom </span><span>260</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2.4. The explanation of the meaning of all-discriminating''</span><span>260</span>
** <span> All-Accomplishing Wisdom </span><span>261</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.2.5. The explanation of the meaning of all-accomplishing''</span><span>261</span>
** <span> The Causes of the Five Wisdoms</span><span>262</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.3. The causes through which they are accomplished''</span><span>262</span>
** <span> The Five Wisdoms & the Eight Consciousnesses</span><span>263</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.4. The ways of changing state''</span><span>263</span>
** <span> The Five Wisdoms & the Three Kāyas</span><span>265</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.2.5. The way in which they are related to the enlightened bodies together<br>with their way of knowing'' </span><span>265</span>
** <span> The Way in Which Buddhas Know</span><span>265</span>
* '''''Chapter 28'''''
* <span> '''The Qualities of Freedom & Maturation'''</span><span>'''269'''</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3. The explanation of the qualities of freedom and complete maturation''</span><span>269</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.1. The brief introduction''</span><span>269</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2. The detailed explanation''</span><span>270</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF FREEDOM</span><span>270</span>
* <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1. The qualities of freedom''</span><span>270</span>
** <span> The Thirty-Two Qualities </span><span>271</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1. The thirty-two (qualities) as per the intention of The Sublime<br>Continuum''</span><span>271</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.1. Connection through a brief introduction''</span><span>271</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2. The detailed commentary on their meaning''</span><span>271</span>
** <span> The Ten Powers </span><span>271</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.1. The ten powers''</span><span>271</span>
** <span> The Four Fearlessnesses </span><span>273</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.2. The four fearlessnesses''</span><span>273</span>
* <span> The Eighteen Unique Qualities</span><span>274</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.1.2.3. The eighteen unique qualities''</span><span>274</span>
** <span> The Twenty-One Uncontaminated Qualities</span><span>278</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.1.2.2. The twenty-one uncontaminated groups (of qualities) as per the<br>intention of The Ornament of Clear Realization''</span><span>278</span>
* <span> THE QUALITIES OF COMPLETE MATURATION</span><span>283</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.2. The explanation of the qualities of complete maturation''</span><span>283</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.2.1. The brief introduction''</span><span>283</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.3.2.2.2. The detailed explanation''</span><span>283</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.4. The explanation of the enlightened activity that is performed''</span><span>289</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.4.1. The detailed explanation of the seven points of activity''</span><span>290</span>
*** <span> ''2.3.3.4.2. Their summary in two points''</span><span>291</span>
* <span> '''Chart I: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation<br>according to the great vehicle'''</span><span>293</span>
* <span> '''Chart II: The factors to be relinquished through seeing and meditation<br>according to the vehicle of the hearers'''</span><span>295</span>
*<span> PREFACE</span><span>VII</span>
*<span> INTRODUCTION</span><span>1</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 1. RNGOG LO-TSĀ-BA BLO-LDAN SHES-RAB AND THE <br>RNGOG-LUGS OF EPISTEMOLOGY</span><span>29</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 2. PHYA-PA CHOS-KYI SENG.-GE AND THE TSHAD-MA <br>BSDUS-PA YID-KYI MUN-SEL</span><span>59</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 3. SA-SKYA PANDXTA KUN-DGA' RGYAL-MTSHAN AND THE TSHAD MA RIGS-PA'I-GTER</span><span>97</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 4. A TOPICAL OUTLINE OF GO-RAM-PA'S <br>PRAMĀNAVĀRTTIKA COMMENTARY THE "RADIANT LIGHT OF SAMANTABHADRA"</span><span>116</span>
*<span> BIBLIOGRAPHIES</span><span>241</span>
*<span> NOTES</span><span>257</span>
*<span> INDICES</span><span>317</span>
*<span> ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS</span><span>330</span>
+
** <span> Preface by Kyabje Trulshik Rinpoche</span><span>ix</span>
** <span> Translator's Note</span><span>xi</span>
** <span> Acknowledgements</span><span>xv</span>
* <span> 1 The Buddhadharma</span><span>1</span>
* <span> 2 The Essence of the Path</span><span>27</span>
* <span> 3 The Long Oral Lineage of the Nyingmapas</span><span>31</span>
* <span> 4 Practicing the Teachings without Sectarian Bias</span><span>47</span>
* <span> 5 An Introduction to the Bardo</span><span>59</span>
* <span> 6 Magical Nectar</span><span>77</span>
* <span> 7 Heart Jewel of the Fortunate</span><span>83</span>
* <span> 8 An Aspiration to the Great Perfection</span><span>89</span>
* <span> 9 The Life Story of Dudjom Rinpoche</span><span>91</span>
** <span> Glossary</span><span>95</span>
** <span> Notes</span><span>107</span>
+
*<span> ''Acknowledgments''</span><span>vii</span>
*<span> ''List of Abbreviations''</span><span>ix</span>
*<span> Introduction</span><span>1</span>
*<span> 1 Buddhism, Criticism, and Postwar Japan</span><span>17</span>
*<span> 2 The Roots of "Topicalism"</span><span>51</span>
*<span> 3 Problems in Modern Zen Thought</span><span>83</span>
*<span> 4 Criticism as Anamnesis</span><span>125</span>
*<span> 5 Radical Contingency and Compassion</span><span>155</span>
*<span> ''Bibliography''</span><span>175</span>
*<span> ''Index''</span><span>197</span>
+
*<span> ''Preface''</span><span>vii</span>
*<span> ''Abbreviations and Conventions''</span><span>xi</span>
<center>'''Part 1: Study'''</center>
*<span> I Contemplative Practice in the ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra''</span><span>3</span>
*<span> II The Writing of the ''Exposition''</span><span>17</span>
*<span> III The ''Exposition'' as Commentary</span><span>28</span>
<center>'''Part 2: Wŏnhyos ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra:'''</center>
<center>''' ''An Annotated Translation'' '''</center>
*<span> '''ROLL ONE'''</span><span>47</span>
*<span> Part One: A Statement of Its Main Idea</span><span>47</span>
*<span> Part Two: An Analysis of the Themes of the Sūtra</span><span>48</span>
*<span> Part Three: An Explication of the Title</span><span>50</span>
*<span> Part Four: An Exegesis of the Text</span><span>57</span>
**<span> Section One: Prologue</span><span>57</span>
**<span> Section Two: Main Body</span><span>62</span>
***<span> First Division of Contemplation Practice: Rejecting All Characteristics of Sense-Objects to Reveal the Signless Contemplation</span><span>65</span>
*<span> '''ROLL TWO'''</span><span>116</span>
***<span> Second Division of Contemplation Practice: Extinguishing the Mind <br>Subject to Production in Order to Explain the Practice of Nonproduction</span><span>116</span>
***<span> Third Division of Contemplation Practice: The Inspiration of Original Enlightenment</span><span>137</span>
***<span> Fourth Division of Contemplation Practice: Abandoning the Spurious to Access Reality</span><span>166</span>
*<span> '''ROLL THREE'''</span><span>211</span>
***<span> Fifth Division of Contemplation Practice: Sanctified Practices Emerge<br>from the Voidness of the True Nature</span><span>211</span>
***<span> Sixth Division of Contemplation Practice: Immeasurable Dharmas<br>Access the Tathāgatagarbha</span><span>243</span>
**<span> Section Three (A): Dhāraṇī (Codes)</span><span>271</span>
**<span> Section Three (B): Dissemination</span><span>271</span>
*<span> ''Appendix'': A Schematic Outline of Wŏnhyo's ''Exposition of the Vajrasamādhi-Sūtra''</span><span>309</span>
*<span> ''Notes''</span><span>335</span>
*<span> ''Glossary of Sinitic Logographs''</span><span>377</span>
*<span> ''Bibliography''</span><span>385</span>
*<span> ''Index''</span><span>411</span>
**<span> Acknowledgments</span><span>ix</span>
**<span> Introduction ''Patterns of Influence in East Asian Buddhism: The Korean Case''<br>Robert E. Buswell, Jr.</span><span>1</span><br><br>
*<span> CHAPTER 1 ''Paekche and the Incipiency of Buddhism in Japan''<br> Jonathan W. Best</span><span>15</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 2 ''Kyǒnghǔng in Shinran's Pure Land Thought''<br> Hee-Sung Keel</span><span>43</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 3 ''Korea as a Source for the Regeneration of Chinese Buddhism:<br> The Evidence of Ch'an and Son Literature''<br> John Jorgensen</span><span>73</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 4 ''Ch'an Master Musang: A Korean Monk in East Asian Context''<br> Bernard Faure</span><span>153</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 5 ''Wǒnch'ǔk's Place in the East Asian Buddhist Tradition''<br> Eunsu Cho</span><span>173</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 6 ''The Korean Impact on T'ien-t'ai Buddhism in China:<br> A Historical Analysis''<br> Chi-wah Chan</span><span>217</span>
*<span> CHAPTER 7 ''Ǔich'ǒn's Pilgrimage and the Rising Prominence of the Korean<br> Monastery in Hang-chou during the Sung and Yuan Periods''<br> Chi-chiang Huang</span><span>242</span><br><br>
**<span> About the Contributors</span><span>277</span>
**<span> Index</span><span>279</span>
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